Broadcast audience measurement



April 6, 1954 J. L. BoGERT ETAL v BROADCAST AUDIENCE MEASUREMENT Filed Aug. 24, 1951 ATTORN YS.

April 6, 1954 .1. BOGERT ET AL BROADCAST AUDIENCE MEASUREMENT 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 24, 1951 TERM/NAL CONNECT/ONS FOI? BLDG. M9?

MASTER /NDICATESS Tl/NED-/N STATION, .0R ARECEIVER D/JCO M m n D M Hl. n R u w m m m rm 0 W M A lll, w ,mk/ LU PO pULw F f 5 M l H H, E

/v/vEcTEo, of? oerEcT/VE EQU/PEMEA/r April 6,. A1954 J. L. BOGERT ETAL 2,674,512

BROADCAST AUDIENCE MEASUREMENT Filed Aug. 24, 1951 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 .STAT/olv SEI.- PROGRAM f RECEIVER JOHN 'LYMAN BOGERT,

BY CoA/KUNG C/ER ATTORNEYS,

8 Sheets-Sheet 4 OOOOOOOOOOOO l OI J. BoGERT ET AL BROADCAST AUDIENCE MEASUREMENT C 5 AM O4Tv OOOOO April 6, 1954 Filed Aug. 24, 1951 JNVENTORS; JoH/v LYMAN 5065m- C' April 6, 1954 J. L. BOGERT ET AL BROADCAST AUDIENCE MEASUREMENT 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 24, 1951 )ff/7M, f 944,

ATTORNEYS.

April 6, 1954 J. BOGERT ET AL 2,674,512 BROADCAST AUDIENCE MEASUREMENT Filed Aug. 24, 1951 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 .uo B A su c Y E B I 3l? l 0 Y; w 349 3 .4.7 34a EL 430 la', caNTRoL BAN/r j 35 INVIENTOR` Bi@ JOHN PMA/v Boes/rr :762(7 B A y aigu/v? CHEOISTER all-E5' Y A TTORNE YS Aprll 6, 1954 J. 1 BOGERT ET AL BRoADcAsT'AuDIENcE MEASUREMENT 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Aug. 24, 1951 ew. www E.

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nmvmw oooooeoooaooo-oooo-o GERT C oN/fL /NQ CHEp/STER INVENTORS JoHN YM/1N Bo -BY /f/ TTORNE YS April 6, 1954 J. I.. BOGERT ET AL BROADCAST AUDEENCE MEASUREMENT 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Aug. 24, 1951 R3 f @a N of rm B@ T N6 MA, W MA lf c YW 3% I I l I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I -I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Patented Apr. 6, 1954 2,674,512 BROADCAST AUDIENCE MEASUREMENT John Lyman Bogert, New York, N. Y., and Conkgston, N. J., assignors to ling Chedister, Livin C. E. Hooper, Inc., N

tion of New York ew York, N. Y., a corpora- Application August 24, 1951, Serial No. 243,490

13 Claims.

The invention relates to apparatus and methods for broadcast audience measurement and recording.

Objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part hereinafter and in part will be obvious herefrom, or may be learned by prac tice with the invention, the same being realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention consists in the novel parts, constructions, arrangements, combinations and improvements herein shown and described.

The accompanying drawings, referred to herein and constituting a part hereof, illustrate ernbodiments of the invention, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

rihe present application is a continuation-inpart of our copending application Serial No. 149,994, filed March 16, 1950.

Of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic layout of apparatus of one embodiment of the invention as applied to plurality of broadcast receivers in a plurality of homes located in a plurality of buildings;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the master relay and the automatic recorder in the survey oice in the system illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the scanning and transmitting equipment for one home and the selective relay for one apartment building;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan view of a typical series of records produced by the invention in the embodiments of Figs. l to 3 inclusive;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic layout of apparatus and system in a invention showing a houses, telephone central oices, and the survey headquarters oice;

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic showing of the master mechanism and recorder at the survey oice of the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic showing of the mechanism for the several telephone central ofces shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic showing of the scanning and transmitting equipment at the sets to be surveyed and at the apartment house, using apartment house No. 1 and apartments 1 and 5 therein as shown 1n Fig. 5. as illustrative of applicants equipment and system; and

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary showingof the strip record made at the survey ofIice bythe mecha- 2 nism and system illustrated in Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive.

The primary object of the invention is to ascertain and record data relating to the operation of a plurality of broadcast receivers, so as to provide a basis for measuring the listening and viewing habits of broadcast audiences. The term broadcast receivers is here intended to signify receiving sets for television or AM or FM radio. While various systems for sampling the listening habits of radio audiences are known, some of which are based upon telephonie or Written polls and others upon records made at selected receiving sets, such known systems have many undesirable features. Systems which depend upon local recording apparatus are inaccurate, difficult and expensive to install, operate and maintain, and are not capable of giving many of the data necessary to the preparation of comprehensive surveys. Telephonie poll systems, while more accurate and comprehensive, are very costly to operate and depend much upon the human factors involved, such as the intelligence and cooperation of the persons answering the telephone. y

Another object is to provide a system for obtaining and recording data at a survey oice from selected receivers in homes without contact with the homes or set owners once the system is installed, the desired information being automatically transmitted by permanent connection from sets to the main survey ofce.

Still another object is the swift, accurate, automatic and continuous transmission of the desired data from receiving sets in the home to the central survey and recording oce.

The present invention in one of its embodiments provides a system for obtaining and recording data with respect to the locations of receiving sets, the types of receivers (television or AM or FM radio), the time of the report, whether or not a set is in operating condition or defective, whether itis on or off. and, if on, the channel or station to which it is tuned. Such data may be obtained from any selected number of receiving sets and locations and are all recorded chronologically in legible printed form on a record sheet. By virtue of the invention such data are obtained and recorded without the need of any special equipment for synchronizing or sorting out the signals transmitted from the various receiving sets or locations. The control and operation of the system primarily depends upon simple, direct current pulses and no special tun ing, production or reception of radio frequency signals or other complicated and delicate electrical characteristics are involved.

Still another important object of the invention is to effect the selection, initiation and control of data-transmitting devices from a central recording station by means of direct current impulses in a given direction and polarity over a leased telephone line or lines and to effect the transmission of signals carrying the data from the receiving sets to the survey recording station by similar pulses in the opposite direction or polarity over the same line or lines. In accordance with the invention the order of transmission of data from the receiving sets to the survey station is selectively controlled from that station, as well as the times of transmission and the initiation thereof.

By virtue of the features mentioned above, the invention provides an exceedingly simple, foolproof and rugged system of data transmission and recording which can operate wholly automatically, without attention or interference on the part of the receiving-set owners and without any electrical or mechanical interference with the operations of such sets.

It will be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description as well are exemplary and explanatory but are not restrictive of the invention.

Referring now in detail to the embodiments of the invention illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, and referring first to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, Fig. l shows a diagrammatic layout of a system embodying certain of the features of the invention. The major units of such system comprise the main survey office which contains an Automatic Recorder and also a Master Relay for sequentially connecting and controlling the various circuits to the receiver transmitters. The other major unit of the system may be considered as a building containing a plurality of homes or apartments, the connection between the building and the survey ofiice being a single twowire telephone line. Two such buildings are shown in Fig. 1, each building containing four apartments or homes. Referring to building No. l, such unit contains two principal sub-units, one being the Receiver Selector relay which is conveniently located in the basement or other central location and into which the leased telephone line from the Master Relay is connected. The Receiver Selector relay in turn is connected with the other sub-units, that is the transmitter in each of the several apartments in the building. Such connections are by means of individual telephone lines l, 2, 3 and 4 leading to the respective apartments #1, #2, #3, and #4, and a common or return wire 5 which has branch returns to each apartment. Each of these pairs of wires is connected to a Transmitter in the respective apartments, and the Transmitters in turn are connected by suitable leads, hereinafter described in detail, to individual television and radio receivers in such apartments. For example, in building No. 1, the Transmitter of apartment #l is connected by cable 6 to a television receiver and by cable 'I to an AM radio receiver; while in the other apartments the corresponding Transmitters are connected to the various television and radio sets therein by appropriate numbers of cables.

Details of the Receiver Selector relay in the basement of building No. 1, and of the Transmitter in apartment #1, are shown in Fig. 3. The Receiver Selector relay is directly connected to the main telephone line I, comprising the wires I and II (Figs. l and 3). A polarized relay is connected to close one of two different circuits, depending upon the polarity or direction of the pulse sent over the telephone line I into relay Winding IB. Said relay comprises movable blade I5, the position o1 which is controlled by the polarity of energization of Winding I6. If the sense or polarity of the pulse is positive, as indicated by the arrow pointing to the leit in Fig. 3, the contact blade I5 is moved in the opposite direction to close the circuit across the two contacts I9 and 20, to the right in Fig. 3. When so moved, the blade I5 closes a circuit from battery 23, through the leads 2I and 22 to energize and operate solenoid 24, moving a reciprocating pawl 25 downwardly and advancing the ratchet wheel 2S one step upon deenergization of 24.

The pawl and ratchet mechanism described above are part of a rotary stepping switch 26A having the contact arm 21 provided for sweeping a series of contacts arranged arcuately in its path. Said contacts are arranged in order and number corresponding to the receiver sets in the various apartments of building No. l. Thus contact 3i) corresponds to the television receiver in apartment #1 and Contact 3| to the AM radio receiver in the same apartment. Both these contacts are connected to lead wire 32 which, through panel 33, connects with wire I for the transmitter in apartment #1. Thus it will be evident that after a positive pulse is sent over the line I (wires I0 and II), as indicated by the arrow pointing to the left, the ratchet wheel 26 will be rotated one notch to position the switch arm 21 on the next succeeding contact point of the rotary stepping switch 26A. Accordingly the cessation of the first such positive impulse will cause the rotary switch arm 2'! to step to contact 3U and connect wiper 21 to the transmitter for apartment #l through line I.

The device shown within the dot-and-dash lines in Fig. 3 comprise construction and wiring of the transmitter for apartment #1. It will be understood that the construction and wiring of the transmitter provided for each apartment or home will be essentially the same.

In Fig. 3, above the dot-and-dash line, is shown the construction and wiring provided at the television receiver set in apartment #1. A similar construction is provided at each receiver, whether television or radio. Said construction comprises a selector switch 35 having a rotatable arm 36 mechanically coupled to turn with the selector knob or dial 35' or other tuning device of the receiver. Arm 36 cooperates with a series of contact points, said points corresponding to the various channels or stations to which the TV or other set may be tuned. Thus in the example shown, there are four such contact points 31a, 31h, 31e and 31d, each of which is provided with a conductor Wire indicated as 38a, 38D, 38C and 38d, respectively. The contact arm 36 is connected by conductor 39 to oir-normal contact 4 IA cooperating with movable relay contact 4I which is connected to lead 40. This movable contact 4I of relay 42 is operated by energization of the winding of relay 42, which winding is in series with the energizing power circuit 43 of the television receiver. Thus when the receiver is turned on, said relay contacts will be closed and the contact arm 3B is effective in a circuit.

The transmitter for apartment #1 is adapted to scan successively the tuned-in settings of the receivers in the apartment and transmit signals in accordance with such settings. For this purpose, the transmitter comprises a rotary stepping switch generally indicated at 45, having rotatable twin contact arms 45, designed for a 180 sweep. A group of pulse transmitting contacts 47, shown as eight in number, are mounted in the path of travel or the arm 40 and are all interconnected by a jumper 48. A group of other contacts 45 are also in the path of travel of arm 45. The contacts making up. one group alternate with the contacts making up the other group. It will be noted that in group 45, contact 49a is connected to tuner contact 37a, through panel 50 while contact lieb is connected to 33h; 45e to 33e; and 45d to 38d. Additional contacts are shown for possible connection to a. greater number of station tuning contacts than the four shown. For

the purpose of rotating contact arm 45, a synchronous A. C. motor 55 is operatively connected to the switch arm by shaft 55 and a switch operating control cam 5'! is mounted on said shaft. As indicated, the motor 55 is geared to effect 180 rotation of the switch arm 45 in 3 seconds, this constituting a cycle for motor 55.

A second motor-driven rotary switch 50, having 180 twin contact arms 0|, is also provided in the transmitter, said arm being driven from motor 02 by shaft 63 which carries a switch control cam 64. As indicated, the motor 52 hasa l2 second cycle for 180 rotation of the switch arm E! and a shorter 3 second cycle for changing segments every 45.

As shown, each switch arm 5l adapted to sweep a series of four contact segments t5 to 58 inclusive in its 180 arc. The sweep time for each of said segments corresponds to the time vto make one 180 sweep of one of the two switch arms 45. Conductor 4) of the television receiver unit makes contact with segment E5 through panel 50 and conductor 5S. Thus when relay contacts 4|A and 4l are closed, segment 65 is swept by contact arm 6I throughout almost onequarter of arm travel (almost 45), and that during the same three second cycle, contact arm 45 is sweeping all its contacts and thereby scanning the tuner position of the television receiver. Thus since shaft 56 rotates four times as fast as shaft 63, one wiper arm 45 will sweep by an entire bank of contacts while one wiper arm 5i is in contact with one contact segment of its own bank. The two shafts are initially positioned as shown, and are always simultaneously turned by their respective motors.

The dead space between adjacent segments in stepping switch 5c correspond to the dead position of wiper 45. Thus both stepping switches are simultaneously effective.

A common conductor l0, corresponding to conductor 40, leads from the AM receiver in apartment #1, and, as shown, taps into the second segment 50 of switch 50. in like manner the conductors liga-45d of switch 45 are connected through panel 50 to the corresponding plurality of conductors ll la-l' ld which lead to station contacts at the tuner of the AM radio receiver. 1t is understood that each such AM receiver has a station selector arrangement resembling the one described for the TV receiver. Thus as the tuner of the AM receiver is operated to select an AM station, the corresponding switch arm .is moved to a contact for that station. Thus `when switch arm 6| is sweeping segment 55, the

arm of switch 45 is adapted to Ascan the tuner setting of said AM receiver. Similarly segments 61 and 68 of switch 60 are designed, in cooperation with switch 45, to scan the tuning positions of other receivers in apartment #l if they were added, such as in apartment #3, for example. There being only two receivers in apartment #1, no contacts are shown for connecting up segments 61 and 03.

The invention provides a plurality of relays for initiating and holding the necessary circuits for the operation of the switches 45 and 60 throughout the various cycles of scanning and signalling involved in the hook-up for apartment #1. Said relays comprise a starting relay l5, a holding relay '16, a circuit-breaking relay 'I7 and a time delay relay 78. All said relays are adapted to operate on low voltage direct current and a battery 'I9 is provided for supplying such power for the operation of certain of said relays and circuits. In addition a 110 volt A. C. line 80 is provided for operating the motors 55 and 52, previously described.

The initiation of a scanning cycle for the transmitter of apartment #l is effected by a negative pulse over the main telephone line I from the central station. Previously thereto, a positive pulse will have been sent out and caused wiper 27 to stepl from the position shown to a position on contact Si). The rst yeifect of said pulse is to set blade l5 rmly in the position shown in Fig. 3, which closes a telephone line circuit through switch arm 2l and contact 30, line 32 and line l, into the transmitter described below. The reason said pulse is negative, that is, of a polarity opposite to that of which closes switch iii-20 to advance switch arm 2l, is so that said switch arm will not be moved until a scanning cycle has been completed. For the same reason, all subsequent pulses during the scanning cycle will be of negative polarity.

Line l is in series with the coil of starting relay '15 through normally closed contact arm 8l or relay 76. Relay l5 has its winding connected to the line 5 of the telephone line by conductor 82. Relay l5 yhas two movable contacts indicated by their respective blades 33 and 84, said contacts being normally open. Contact 83 closes a branch of the 110 volt circuit to energize threesecond motor and thereby initiate its cycle of rotation.

Inasmuch as relay 15 is energized only by the momentary pulse from the telephone line, it is necessary to provide other means for holding the motor circuit closed. This means comprises holding relay 'i5 which serves to operate a. gang of contacts comprising 85, 8i, 80 and 81. The energization of holding relay is effected by a circuit through battery 10 comprising leads 88, 89 and 90, said circuit being closed by switch Sl, which is actuated by cam 5l immediately upon initiation of rotation of shaft 56. It is preferred to have relay 'i5 slow to release so that switch 9i will have time to close after initiation of rotation of motor 55. It will be clear from the shape of cam 5l that this circuit will remain closed throughout substantially one 180 rotation of cam 5l and switch arm 45. The simultaneous closing of switch sets up a holding circuit through lead 92 for motor 55, while at the same time the closing of switch 8'.' energizes motm` 62 through volt lead 93. Thus with the energizing of the holding relay l5, which follows instantly upon the pulse that energizes relay l5, both switches 45 and 60 start their sweeps.

The. signallingeifect of the rotation of switch '5 and I0.

`circuit which is closed 17 45 .will now be described. Contact arm`46 Yis connected torthe positive pole Vof a battery |80 in the survey station (Fig..2) bylines 46, 90, Asthe contact arm 46 engages each contact 41, a pulse is sent through conductor 48 and via conductor 95 through closed relay contacts 96, over conductor 91 and through switch 8| into telephone line I, thence through conductor `32, contact 30, switch arm 21, blade I5, and over telephone line II to the negative pole of battery |80 by a circuit to be described later. Thesepulses, which are nega-tive in sense, are thus transmitted over the telephone line I to the survey station. Such pulses will be transmitted as the contact 46 engages each successive contact 41 until said moving contact encounters a through the station selector .dial switch 35, which, in the illustrative case shown in the drawings, will be contact 48C through station contact 31C. When this contact is made, current then flows through conductor 38e, through switch 35, and over` conductor 40, through conductor 69, segment 05, switch arm 6| and then va conductor 98 to energize relay 11 which is connected to the battery 19 through conductor 89. The energization of said relay 11 moves relay contact 06 to break the circuit therethrough and thereby prevents the transmission of any more pulses from switch 45, although switch arm 46 continues its sweep to the end of its 180 motion. Accordingly, the number of pulses which will have been sent over telephone line I will be three, corresponding to the number and position of contact 31e. Hence a signal consisting of said three pulses will be transmitted to the main survey station, 'ndicating that the position of the station selector dial of the TV receiver in apartment #l is such as to be tuned to the corresponding channel.

When the receiver set is turned orf, relay 42 will not be energized, so relay contact 4| will remain open. In that event all the contacts 41 will cause pulses to be sent over line 95 until the switch arm 46 has completed its 180 sweep. Consequently, such a complete series of pulses will serve as a signal that the receiver in question is turned off.

As will be clear from the drawings, the completion of one three-second cycle on the motor 55 will have moved cam 51 to the point where it opens switch 8|. This de-energizes the holding relay 16, breaking all previously established contacts and stopping both motors 55 and 62. Rotating switch arm 45 will then be in the vertical position shown in Fig. 3 while rotating switch arm 60 will have just completed traverse of its first segment 65.

At this point a second positive pulse is sent out from the survey station to move switch arm 21 of the Receiver Selector relay to the second contact 3| and re-energize relay 15. This second pulse thereby initiates a second cycle of tuner scanning operation. However, during said second cycle the Contact arm 6I will be in contact with segment 66 which, through lead 10, communicates with the AM radio receiver in apartment #1. Consequently, during this cycle the pulses generated by switch arm 46 will correspond tothe condition and tuning-dial setting of that AM receiver. When the second cycle is completed switch 0| is again opened and the relays de-energized a second time.

`Inasrnuch as there are only two receivers in apartment #l and only two contacts and 3| leading to the transmitter for that apartment,

the next positive pulse-from the central station will bring contact arm. 21 to engage contact |05 which is connected to the transmitter of apartment #2 through line 2. Accordingly no more pulses will be sent into the transmitter for apartment #l and at the point described switch arm 6| will have stopped at the end of segment 66. Means are provided for automatically completing the rotation of said arm 6| in such case. Such means comprise a relay 18 which is energized at the same time as holding relay 16. Relay 18, when energized, is designed to hold open switch |01 across the power lines |08 and |09 for motor 02. However, said relay 18 has a relatively long release period, being designed to hold contact |01 open for vone second after de-energization of its circuit upon opening of switch 9|. Inasmuch as the sending of the positive pulses from the central station is spaced to occur `within some shorter period, such as one-half second, the switch |01 will normally stay open between completions of the three-second cycles of motor 55. However, when no further pulses are sent to the transmitter and therefore the re-energization of relay 18 does not occur in a period of one second, then switch |01 will close. This transmits current to motor 52, the switch 94 of which remains closed with the cam 64 having made only one-half its 180 rotation. Thereupon motor 62 rotates until arm .0| has completed its 180 sweep, whereupon switch 94 is opened by cam 64 and the entire transmitter in apartment #l has completed its work.

As will now be apparent from the construction of the Receiver Selector relay, switch arm 21 will be moved step-by-step, by means of successive positive pulses from the survey oice until all the contacts 30, 3|, |05, etc. through II5, corresponding to all the. receiver sets in all the apartments in the building, are successively connected. In the example shown in connection with building No. l, it will be apparent that the Receiver Selector relay is provided with a greater number of contacts in the outer ring of the step switch than is necessary to serve the 12 receiversin the four apartments of that building. .Thus contact IE5 is the last of the live contacts in that ring, although at that point the switch arm 21 would have described only a portion of its 180 arc of travel.

Means are provided for continuing rotation of switch arm 21 across the inactive contacts IIS until the full 180 sweep has been completed so that the switch army and the Receiver Selector relay will be in position for a repeat operation whenever called for. For this purpose there is provided an inner step-switch arm I|1 rotatable with arm 21 and a concentric series of contacts in the path thereof. A wire ||8 connects arm I I1 with a pole I I9 of an interrupter switch having a vibrator switch plate 240. The opposite pole of said switch is connected by wire 24| through line 22 to one terminal of the coil of solenoid 24. Current is supplied to the solenoid through battery 23 and line 2| to that set of contacts 243 corresponding in position with the dead contacts I I6 in the outer ring. Thus when switch arm 21 has reached contact I I5, the next positive pulse in line I will move switch arm |I1 to contact with the rst live contact of group 243. Thereupon solenoid 24 will be energized to actuate the interrupter switch 240 and advance the rotary switch arms 21 and |I1 throughout the remainder of their sweep until the 180 position is reached, whereupon the arms opposite terminals 21' and ||1' will be in position of readiness to begin another cycle.

Referring now to Fig. 4, there is shown a portion of a typical record strip produced at the survey station. Said record is produced on an edge-perforated web i adapted to be fed lengthwise chronologically at 31/2 second intervals. In column 11| the time of recording is printed in minutes according to the 24 hour system. In the left-hand column |12 there appears a code indicating the number of the apartment being checked. In column H3 appears the identification of the type of receiver and in column I4 the condition and setting of the receiver. considering the bottom line, at time 1800 the apartment #l is indicated to have been tuned to channel No. 3, all as de- During the next scanning cycle the AM radio receiver in apartment #l is indicated to have been set at band Thus automatically each set in each apartment is scanned and its setting indicated at the time of such scanning. The indication O means that the set was turned off, this indication corresponding to the number of pulses sent out when the switch arm 46 makes contact with the complete series of contacts 111 as previously described. If, on the other some reason, no pulses will be received from the transmitter and this condition is indicated by the symbol X.

Referring now to the Main Survey Oilice equipment diagrammatically shown in Fig. 2, same consists of two principal units as indicated in Fig. 1, that is, the Master Relay and the Automatic Recorder. The elements of the Master Relay are shown in the upper part of Fig. 2 and consist primarily of the rotatable contact drum |25 and the switch controls operated from cyclic motor |2|. Drum |25 is adapted to be rotated step-by-step by means of ratchet wheel |22 moved by pawl |23 at the end of rod |24. Said pawl is adapted to be actuated through one stroke upon each energization of solenoid |25. The external ring or periphery |26 is provided with groups of separate contacts |21, the group corresponding to the terminal connections for building No. 1 being the only one shown. Thus there are twelve such contacts |21 in the group for building No. l, corresponding to the twelve live contacts 35|, 3|, |95, etc., l5, shown in the Receiver Selector relay for building No. l, and thus corresponding to the twelve receivers in that building. The group of contacts |21 for building No. 1 are connected in parallel to wire of telephone line I. An intermediate or secondary ring |351 on drum l2!) is also provided with a group of twelve contacts |3|, and said contacts are arranged into sub-groups of two, three, four and three contacts, corresponding respectively to the groups of receivers in apartments #1, #2, #3, and #4. Circuit wires |32, |33, |34! and |35 lead from said four respective sub-groups of contacts, said wires corresponding to the lead wires 2, 3 and c leading from the Receiver Selector relay in building No. 1 to the four apartments.

The innermost or third contact ring |40 is provided with a group of contacts I4 I, some of which correspond to AM sets and are connected in parallel by circuit wires |42; others of which correspond to FM sets and are connected in parallel by circuit wires |43; while still others are blank contacts and correspond to television sets.

As shown, the Master Relay also comprises a 10 cyclic switching control, based on the 31/2 second cycle of synchronous motor |2|. A plurality of timing cams are mounted on shaft |55, driven by said motor 2|. The iirst of said cams, 5|, is

l designed to time the control pulses to the Master Relay drum |25, so as to rotate it one step at the beginning of each 31/2 second cycle. For that purpose the node |52 on the cam is designed to close momentarily the normally open switch |53. Contact |56 of said switch is connected by lines |55 and |56 to one terminal of battery |51, the other terminal of said battery being connected to line |69 as well as to line Il) of the telephone line I. Contact iet of switch |53 is connected by line |59 to the coil of drum-operating solenoid |25. Lead I 5S connects the other end of said coil to line |65 which is connected to the negative pole of battery |51. Thus it will be seen that the temporary closing of switch |53 will send a pulse from battery |51 to energize solenoid |25 and advance drum |28 one step, that is, corresponding to one notch of ratchet wheel |22.

Next in sequence of operation is the setting up of the circuit for transmitting a positive pulse over line I to move the rotary stepping switch arm 21 of the Receiver Selector relay. For this purpose cam |62 is mounted on shaft |50 to operate normally open switch |63 momentarily. immediately following the operation of switch |53. Contact |64 oi said switch is connected by line |56 to battery |51, while the other contact |65 of the switch is connected by line |565 to stationary radial contact |61 which engages the contacts |21 on the outer ring |26 of the Master Relay drum. Thus when contact |61 engages the first segment of group |21 (upon the first step of the Master Relay) the closing of switch |63 will send a positive pulse from battery |51 over line I, thereby to close switch itl-25 andv move contact arm 21 its iirst step and into engagement with contact 3&3, as previously described.

The invention next provides for transmission of a negative pulse over line I to initiate the rst cycle of the Transmitter so as to scan the tuner position of the TV set in apartment #1. Aocordingly a third cam |10 is mounted on motor shaft I 50 to close switch i1! momentarily, irnmediately following the operation of switch |63. Circuit through line of telephone line lI is established via contact |21, contact |51, line |66 and the normally closed contacts |65 and |13. Line |14 connects contact |13 with the movable contact |15 of switch |11. Line |11 connects contact I 16 with lines |11 and |18 leading to negative pole of battery I 80, the opposite pole of which is connected with the terminus of telephone line I0. Accordingly, when switch |11 is closed by movement of cam |15, a negative pulse from battery passes through line I to the Receiver Selector relay, said pulse being opposite in polarity from that of the pulse previously transmitted over the same line from battery |51 because the two batteries are arranged with their poles in opposite senses with respect to line lll.

'I'he invention provides various settable printing instrumentalities in the Automatic Recorder yunit (Fig. 2) for printing the various columnar indicia on the record web or tape, as shown in Fig. 4. As shown, the web H0 may be mounted for longitudinal feed movement on conventional sprocket feed rollers (not shown). The feeding movement, which is from right to left in Fig. 2, is step-by-step, the web being moved onestop, corresponding to the longitudinal spaces indicated in Fig. 4, each 31A; seconds, corresponding to a Such cyclic feeding movementv may be imparted to the feed rollers by a suitable synchronous drive (not shown) from motor I2I. A time-recording printer driven by suitable clock mechanism may be provided to print the time at desired intervals in column III of the web. Said clock mechanism and the printing actuating means therefore constitute no essential part of the invention and are not shown herein.

As indicated in Fig. 4, the apartment numbers are successively printed in column ||2 as each receiver therein is scanned for tuning position. The means for automatically printing said apartment numbers comprises a pair of sequential numbering wheels |90 and |9| mounted on shaft |92 and adapted to be positioned step-by-step in numerical relation by means of ratchet Wheel |93 on said shaft. The pawl |94 for rotatingsaid ratchet is normally held in proper position for actuating the wheel by spring |95 and is` coupled to the armature |96 of solenoid |91, so that each energization of said solenoid will retract the pawl and advance the ratchet Wheel and numbering wheels one step.

The embodied means for automatically energizing solenoid |91 toset the numbering wheels according to the appropriate apartment number comprises a group of segmental contacts |3| on the intermediate ring |30 of drum |20 of the Master Relay. A stationary contact |99 is positioned to engage said contact segments I 3 I, While wire 200 leads from said contact to one terminal of the coil of solenoid |91. The other terminal of said coil is connected to battery |80 by Wires 20| and` |18. Communication with the opposite pole of said battery is established through branch line |32 to line |60. Thus Awhen the Master Relay drum has moved through its first step, the circuit Will be closed to move pawl |94 one stroke and thereby set the numbering wheels to print the figure l to indicate apartment #1.

When the Master Relay drum has advanced through its second step, contact |99 Willengage the secondk one of the group of contacts |3|, but as said second contact has no communication with line |60, solenoid |91 will not be energized, and so apartment #l will again be indicatedas shown in Fig. 4. On the third step movement of the drum |20, contact |99 engages the third contact of group |3| and then current will pass through branch |33 to line |60and the numbering wheels moved to indicate apartment #2. In similar manner the other` apartment numberswill be set up in the numbering. Wheels in Vsuccession after each of the receivers has been scanned in the preceding apartment, the numbers thereof varying according to conditions and the locations of the various branch wires |33, |34, and.|35, etc. being varied accordingly.

All of the apartments provided for by contacts |3| on drum |20, as Well as possible additional ones, are indicated on numbering wheels |90, |9| by successive stepping of these wheels in units of one step 'as each live contact |3| cuts intoand completes a circuit to solenoid |91. Thus the code numbers of the apartments run consecutively from 1 on up regardless of what number of building they are in. Therefore, the only time wheels |90, |9| have to be reset to their starting position is when all apartments in the system have been scanned and it is desired to start operations again by scanning apartment #1.

Resetting of wheels |90-, |9| is designed to take place at the end of one complete revolution of drum |20, and to this end a campoint 450 is proscanning cycle.

vided` on drum |20 at the dead or starting position of said drum. A switch 45|, adapted to be closed by cam point 450, is in a circuit leading from battery |51, line |56, line 452, normally closed armature of relay-electromagnet 453, line 454', relay 455 and its armature, line 456 and line |60 to battery |51. Relay-electromagnet 453` is so arranged with respect to pawl |94 of numbering wheels |90, |9|, that when it is energized, the pawl is released from its ratchet, and the spring 451 and associated band and drum of Wheel shaft |92 will cause the wheels to return to starting position. Relays 45?A and 455 are so designed and arranged in the circuit that relay 453 is only energized long enough to hold pawl I94'oi its ratchet a sufficient time to permit resetting even though switchy 45| remains closed as long as drum |20 remains in its starting or home position.

Printing means are `provided for indicating the types of receivers being scanned in the various apartments, the three types being TV, AM and FM as previously described. For this purpose a printing wheelV 295,l having three positions and three sets of indicia corresponding to the three types of receivers, is mounted on shaft 206 in line with column II3 of the web. The printing indicia on said wheel are positioned so that when the wheel is in the normal position shown in Fig. 2, the letters TV are lowerrnost and in printing position; while if the wheel is rocked through an appropriate angle clockwise, the letters FM willbe in printing position; While if the wheel is rocked at a greater angle clockwise the letters AM will be in printing position. The wheel is normally held in the TV printing position by a spring 201. The embodied means for rocking the wheel to the AM printing position comprises a pin 208 on the face of the Wheel which is engaged by the hooked end of a rocking bar 209, said bar being normally held in neutral position by the spring 201, but actuated to turn the wheel clockwise by energization of solenoid'ZI I, to the armature 2I2 of which the bar 209 is attached, In similar fashion the wheel may be rocked clockwise to the FM printing position by bar 2|5 through energization of solenoid 2 i 6.

The Master Relay drum carries means for controlling the position of printing wheel 205 in accordance with the type of receiver being scanned. Stationary radial contact 2I8 engages segmental contacts of the group I4! on the inner ring |40 of the drum. Contact 2 I 8 is connected to battery line |60 by line 2|9. Certain of the contacts I4I, which correspond to TV receivers, are dead or neutral so that no current is transmitted through them and thus printing wheel 205 remains in the neutral or TV printing position whenever such neutral contacts are engaged by contact 2|0. This is the case in connection with the first segment of contacts |4I as indicated in column II3 of Fig. 4. The second and certain other segments of group I4| are connected by wires leading to line 220 which is connected to one end of the coil of solenoid 2| I. The other end of said coil is connected to line |18 and battery |00 by line 22|. Thus when any of the segmental contacts I4I so connected engage contact 2|8, the printing Wheel 205 is rocked to the AM printing position. Correspondingly other segments of the group of contacts |4| are connected to line 222 and/thus effect energization of solenoid 2 I6, the coil thereof beingA connected to line |18 by line 223.

Wecome now tothe embodied means for setting up for printing the indications of the tuning positions of the various receivers scanned by the mechanism of the invention, said means being responsive to the negative pulses sent out from the tuner scanning switch 45 in the apartmentlocated transmitters. As embodied a pair oi numboring wheels 225 and 226 mounted on shaft 2N are adapted to be positioned by ratchet wheel 228 and pawl 225. Numbering wheels 225 and 22% are normally biassed to starting position by a spring 226A which acts upon the wheels through a flexible band secured to a drum mounted on wheel shaft 221. An eioctromagnet 236A is arranged to raise pawl 229 oir ratchet wheel 228 when energized by the closing of switch |53 at the beginning of the cyclic operation of motor 2|, thus allowing the numbering wheels to return to their starting position. Solenoid 23@ has its armature 230' connected to actuate the pawl 229 through one stroke upon each pulse-energization of the solenoid. One terminal of the solenoid coil 239 is connected to battery line |18 by line 23|, while the opposite terminal of said coil is normally in circuit with line H of the telephone line I through contact m1 of the Master Relay. This latter circuit comprises line 232 which connects with the ixed terminal 233 of normally closed switch 235. The other terminal |15 of said switch, as previously described, is

connected through normally closed switch i112 and thenceby line its to Contact le?. Thus when contact |51 is in engagement with the initial segment of contact group |21, solenoid 2te will be in circuit with the transmitter of apartment #l and in position to receive transmitted over line I from said transmitter and battery |89 as it successively scans sends out the pulses corresponding to the tuning position of the several receivers therein, as previously described.

Also as previously described, the number of negative pulses sent out by transmitter for apartment #l when scanning the tuned position of the selector dial for the TV receiver will be three, corresponding ing position 31e, to which the selector switch arm 36 is shown to be set. Thus the three pulses so transmitted over line I will be imparted to solenoid 23i) and will advance printing wheel 226 three steps so that the starting position, the scanning pulses from the transmitter in apartment #l will be transmitted to set printing wheel 226 to indicate the appropriate code number for the dial setting of the AM set therein, indicated as 1 in Fig. 4. In cases where the receiver is not turned on, the number of pulses sent out by the transmitter Will result in setting the printing wheel 226 to print zero, as previously described, this being the result of transmitting the total number of pulses from full sweep of the scanning switch 45. In cases where, for some reason, such as a defective circuit, no pulses are transmitted to the solenoid 233, the printing wheel 225 will remain stationary and in such case the symbol X will be printed as indicated in Fig. 4.

Means are provided for recording the assembled data b-y printing of the data on paper after the various type wheels have been positioned. To this end, contacts 215 and 216 of a switch are provided to be operated by cam 15|. Conthe negative pulses to the third station or tun- Cil stituting the two tacts i215 and 216 are so oriented with respectto node |52 as to be closed for a short time just prior to the closure of switch |53. Contacts 215 and 215 control solenoids 216A, or other means associated with each of the three sets of numbering Wheels for causing actual printing impression upon the paper I0. Thus the printing' is accomplished at a time when all the information is stored in the various type drums.

It will be understood that other apartment houses or buildings can be linked up to the Master Relay by additional telephone lines II, III, etc. and appropriate sets of contacts placed on the three rings of drum |20 so that the Receiver Selector relays in the successive buildings and the various transmitters and receivers in the separate apartments can be successively linked up and scanned by successive positional movements of the drum I 2l). Thus as shown, the terminal connections for building No. 1 occupy one-eighth of the periphery of the drum so that a total of 8 buildings containing 32 apartments and a total of 128 television and/or radio receivers could be served by the drum in the example shown. Obviously the number of terminal connections accommodated by such a drum can be varied with the diameter of the drum, while, more conveniently, multiplication of the units served by such a Master Relay can also be effected by providing a plurality of drums in series for sequential operations. Also while in the examples shown a maximum of four receivers per apartment transmitter is illustrated, an indefinitely greater number of such receivers could be served by a suitably equipped transmitter.

While the embodiment of the invention is shown and described as adapted for continuous sequential scanning and recording, it will be understood that the recorder may be stopped at any time, preferably at the end of a 31/2 second scanning cycle, and operation resumed when desired. Also it is not necessary that every building or every transmitter be connected or scanned in sequence, as means (not shown) may obviously be provided for by-passing selected buildings or transmitters or individual receivers, as and when'desired.

In adding on buildings, it is only necessary to have corresponding contacts 21 of the next group for building 2 connected to the Wire of line II corresponding to wire in line I. The other wire of line II may be connected to wire l0. It is possible to provide manual switches for subwires of any telephone line for wires it and of line I.

The sil/2 second cycle of motor |2| is set somewhat longer than the 3 second cycle of motor 55 in each apartment transmitter. Hence for each new cycle of motor |2|, the various cams, motors and relays will be in readiness for such new cycle.

To summarize the sequential operation of the entire system shown in Figs. 1 4 inclusive, we may start with motor |2|. This motor is started. Cam l5! operates drum |29 to step it forward. This cam also clears type wheels 225, 22S to start. Thus the entire master relay station is ready. Wheels |90, |9| and 205 are positioned by drum |29.

Next, cam |62 sends a positive pulse to the particular apartment transmitter determined by the setting of drum |20. This positive pulse readies the transmitter.

Then cam |10 starts the transmitter scan cycle: with' a. negative pulse. At each" apartmentV eachV selectorV switch ywill have been positionedor conditioned for off, on and station. Stationscan wiper-46 will start a 3 second cycle. transmittingl negative-'pnlses during an active station lhunt period. Set scan wiperl will keep the' scanning restricted to a certainclass of receivers. The station scan negative pulsesv advance type wheels 225, 226.

Justbefore the end of the master relay cycle (the apartment transmitter cycle will have been terminated), cam l5! will pulse the printing solenoids 218A.

The next complete cycle will advance drum l2() and 'also receiver-type sean wiper tl. 1t is clear that'rnotor 52 andswitcht may bev replaced by a stepping'switch having av four steprange and polarized to respond only to positive pulses. Thus azpositive pulse will advance wiper (il from one segment toV the next.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in Figs. 5 to 9 inclusive of the drawings, the systernzthereinillustrated being simplified in certain respectsover that just discussed in connection with Figs. lto 4. In the embodiment now to be described, the mechanism' is simplified to the extent that only one'type of receiveris sensed or scanned. and the results recorded, and such a receiverlmight, of course, be either AM or FM radio or television. This .embodiment of the invention` provides for installation of equipment atcentral officesof the telephone company, the wires of'which are used-in the system, and'less comprehensive equipment at the dwelling or apartmentwhere the'receiver` or receivers are located. Mechanical cam means are utilized at the .receiver transmitters orv scanning equipment orsynchronizing the serial scanning of the receivers, and'thereris thus eliminated the need at the Vmain survey'oice for the receiver selectionzapparatus'in the nrst embodiment already discussed. The embodiment of the invention disclosed in ,Figs; 5to 9 inclusive, siderably greater flexibility and ease in adding new receivers tothe system.

Fig.` 5 shows a schematic layout of the modified einhodiment'of the invention illustratively showing the main survey ofce'where control and recording equipment is located'connected to each of .three central offices of the telephone company where other equipment is conveniently located. Each ofthe central oiices i and 2, as shown, are connected by individual cables to a terminal block in'the'basement'of eight apartment houses, from which .connections goto .receivers in've apartments or each house. Thethird' central oiiice is shown as similarly connected to only four apartment houses each with iive apartments with receivers connected to the system, the total system illustratively shown having tion with one-hundred receivers in twenty apartment buildings.

Turningnow to'adetailed description of the modiiiedembodiment' of the invention, and reierringfirst to Fig. 6, the A. C. synchronous motor SEH in the survey oiiice runs continuously to drive cams 332,' Sfida-rid 3M in counter-clockwise rotation. Notches on the cams operate switches 335, 39S and 3M in that order in successive time intervais during each revolution of motor 3rd, which takes about 11/4 seconds. Each revolution'ofthe cam shaft surveys, records, advances thef tape, advancesthe ribbon, resets channel in'- dicator wheel to zero, and moves the apartment house selectorswitches one step for each TV provides for con-4 1'6 set' scanned (or other type of receiver, as the case may be). In the system shown (see Fig. 5), there are ve apartments in each apartment house; there are eight apartment houses cared for by each of two central offices, and four apartmenthouses cared for by telephone central oflice #3; this being a total of one-hundred apartments (equivalent to one-hundred TV sets). Five revolutions of motor 30| take place to scan and record ve TV sets in each apartment house.

Sequence of events during first revolution 0f motor 3M At the start of operation, switch 351 for cam Sile is open, the opening of this switch representing the end of the previous operation. Switch 385 is rst closed by the notch in cam 3D3 to send a short current impulse to apartment house #1. The current runs from the plus side of a suitable battery in the survey oice, as schematically indicated, through normally closed contact of relay 355, closed upper contact 305B of switch 365, line 3&3, arm of selector switch 3H to contact #l of signal bank 3H), thence by line 3|2 to telephone central ofice #l and through the wiper to Contact #l of stepping switch 3|3 (Fig. '7). This #l Contact and ground is connected through terminal block 314A to a terminal block Elli (Fig. 8) in the basement of apartment house #l having apartments (or TV sets) #1, #2, #3, #4 and #5. A line 3H from block 3M'. connects to a transmitter in each apartment and energizes each of the five relays 3 l5 (Fig. 8) through its normally closed relay Contact B. Return lines from relays 3I5 connect to blocks 314 and thence to ground (or minus `side of the battery in the survey office).

As each relay 315 operates (Fig. 8), it first closes its contacts A and C, and slightly later opens contact B. Closing of contact A sets up holding circuit for each relay 3l5 -frorn the plus side of a transmitter battery through normally closed upper contact 316B of each switchtl, closed relay contacts A of relays 3i5, relay coils 3l5 to grounded minus side of the battery. Contacts C of relays 3&5, now closed, complete an A. C. house current circuit which starts the cam motor 3I3 in each of the five transmitters in apartment house #1. Contacts B of relays 3l5 then have their delayed opening, but relays SI5 are held by holding circuit through contacts A and the local battery connected to contact MSB, thus being isolated from and independent of the first impulse circuit through line 3 il.

The first impulse from the closing of movable contactv againstupper contact 313.513 which energized relays 3l5 (as just described) and caused motors Si@ to start, sends a current impulse from line 3H through switch 32! (Fig. 8), normally closed contact C of relay 32A, the comrnon line to point l and each alternate point of rotary sweeping switch 325, arm of switch 325, to the coil of relay 322, energizing it, and thence to ground (minus side of battery at survey office). Energizing of relay 322 closes itsV normally open contacts A and B. Closed contact A completes a relay holding circuit from a battery through normally closed contact of relay 329. Closed contact B of relay 322 completes an A. C. house current circuit to start rotary switch motor 328 which rotates the double arm of'rotary switch 325m a continuous sweep clockwise Aover all its contactpoints until the last point'ismet. This point serves) to open the circuit'to motor 328 and stop it.

Motors 3l8 in all live transmitters Yof 'apartment house #1 are now running, and motor 323 in apartment #l is running, but motors 328 in apartments 2, 3, a and are not yet running because the corresponding cams 323 associated with switches 32! in apartments 2 to 5 inclusive have not yet closed these switches, due to different phase positions of the notches in all cams 32e. Thus, immediately aiter cam 325 in apartment #l opens its switch 321, the cam 3.230 in apartment #2 closes its switch 32|, etc. in' successive order until nally the cam 320 in apartment #5 closes its switch 32 I.

The following description applies to :apartment #l and its TV set which is assumed as tuned to channel 5. Point switch 335, which is turned with the tuner knob, has its movable Icontact arm on switch point 5 which is connected to point #8 of rotary vswitch 325. Motors 3I8 and 323 start running as soon as relay ill 5 is energized. Motor 30H, in the survey office, makes 'one revolution to scan cr survey one TV set; motor 318 in each apartment makes 1A; revolution during 'this same time and motor 328 makes 1/2 revolution during the saine time span, thus sweeping one arm of switch 325 over all its contact points yand bringe ing its other arm to the starting position at point #1.

Motor 353 and 33E, in the surveyI oiiice, advances cani movable contact 355 breaks from 'upper contact 305B and closes against lower contact 555A. This terminates the first impulse from the survey office to apartment house #l and readies a circuit to receive impulses from the ve apartrnents in house #1. Relay coils 3&5 and 322are, of course, now energized through their holding circuits.

The arm of rotary switch 325 moves to point #2, and since this is connected to a dead point in the TV set, nothing happens. then contacts point #3, and an impulse is sent to the survey office to step the channel indicator wheel 333 (type wheel) from 0 to 1 via the following circuit: from the plus siderof battery (in transmitter #1) through normally "closed contact of relay 32S, closed'contact A` o'f relay 322, line to arm of rotary switch 325, point :#3 of said switch, the jumpers connecting odd numbered contacts up to 23, Contact C cinch-energized 'relay 326i, switch 32| (still closed), line 3W, blocks 3M and EMA through contact point 1 and the wiper of switch BH3, along wire BH2 to contact l 'and the of signal bankvsitl of switch 3l! (Fig. 5), line contacts 355A and 39.5, noi'e 'mally closed contact B` of relay 358, to relay 32E and thence to ground (or minus side of battery at surrey cnice). The resulting energiration of rela?! 32E- closes its `Contact and supplies lone impulse from the battery torotate the vchannel indicator wheel solenoid 32'! one step, from 0 to 1.77

The continuing rotation of the arm of rotar switch 325 moves it from point lt'S to #4 which again represents a dead point in the TV set.

.et 's time the rotation of camfSlS driven by motor snaps the micrmswitch movable :contact 3 i 5 away from upper contact 3 15B and `closes it against lower contact 355A. This action is rast enough not to affect relay 3 i 5 and motor 3 iti, and up a new holding circuit for relay 315 direct from battery through contacts 3io and site and the winding of relay SI5. This action assures the continued running in transmitter #l of motor BIB alter its rota-ry 'switch 5325 has 'completed its scanning cycle until themotors 3 le The moving arm' in all fouradditional transmittersvhave `also completed their respective cycles. At the completion of each respective cycle, each of the 've contacts 315 reverses vits contacts (breaking the lower and making the upper), and thus fde-'eiiergizes all relays 315. This action 'o'f Contact Ble also 'compensates for possible slight outofephas'e relation between the iive motors lfila, since each motor is controlled by its own switch 3BE, and is brought to its starting position by the accurately positioned notch in cam `313. The effective part of one revolution of motor 318 is 72 (1/5v turn) during which vtime the transmitter, in which it is disposed, is being scanned.

y Returning now to the action of rotary switch 32 ,fits wiper continues its "sweep and Aeach ccntact with an 'odd numbered point sends a return impulse to the survey olice to 'advance the channel indicator wheel one step. The circuit for this action is the 'same as that describedircr point #3 in a preceding paragraph.

When the Wiper of switch 325 reaches point V#8, which is connected to the channel #5 point in the TV set, a circuit is set up which blocks the sending of any 'more impulses to the survey oiice and leaves the channel indicator wheel now set at the 'figure 3. This gure is the code number arbitrarily assigned to' channelso, the station to which the TV set is actually tuned. The circuit involved in arresting furtherinipulse sending is as follows: fromV the plus' side of battery through the closed contact or ielay329, closed contact A of relay 322, line towiper of switch 325 and point #8, line 'to/Dolfit (challnel in tune), wiper of TV lset selector switch 330, line to contacts '331 (which are closed, when the 'set is turned on, by relay 332)', line tofwindi'n'g of relay 324, through the winding 'and thence to grounded vminus side ofbattery. Energihing of relay 325 closes its 'contacts A yandB, and opens C. Closing of contact A sets the 'relay 32-4 holding circuit from battery through the contact of relay 329; 'closing of conta-ct B prepares a oi uit for the ending of the sc'ann ycfle of rotary switch 325, opening of contactC ofl relay 324 breaks the circuit over which impulses, up to now, were being sent to the Survey' office channel indicatorv wheel mechanism (i. e. ree lay 326).

All of the interconnected, alternate, odd bered points on switch 325, 'except the last one (#25), are now Adead because 'Contact C o'f encre lgized relay 325 is open, and all of the remaining, alternate, even numbered points, e'i'rcept the `nexttoi-last, are dead because lione of them i's 'connected to a tin'iedein station point 'on the TV selector switch 33t. Therefore, no further 'iinpulses are sent to relay l326 from transmitter #l in apartment #1.

Assume now thatthe wiper of switch v325 has reached the next-to-iast point `(#24) This point is connected to relay coil 324 in the conditions now assumed, is already enerpurpose of this neXt-to-last point (#24) is to allow the full quota of possible impulses to be sent to the siii"- vey -oc'e before relaf,r 324 isener'glized if it has not previously been energized, thus indicating that the TV set was not turned onV (relay 332 not energized and vits contacts 33t therefore operi) or it was tuned to some station `not provided for in the selector Iswitch 335.

The wiper of' switch 325 now reaches 'the last point (#25) and energizes relay 329 'froinba'ttery through vits (rela-y 325i own contacts,

through contact A of the still energized relay 322, line to the wiper of switch 325 and the last point thereon, thence to closed contact B of energized relay 3211, then through the coil of relay 320 to ground. When energized, relay 329 opens its normally closed contacts and de-energizes its winding to close its contacts again since the contacts are a part of the relay 323 energizing circuit. However, during the time the contacts of relay 320 are open, the relays 322 and 324 are cle-energized and hence motor 328 stops (contact B of relay 322 opens) and the wiper of switch 325 comes to rest as shown with one end on the last contact point and the other end on the first contact point (home position). When or immediately after the wiper of switch 325 stops, the switch 321 is opened by its cam 320, which, however, still continues to revolve because relay 315 is still energized and motor 318 is therefore running. This may be obtained by having cam 323 provided with a drop having an angular extent of about 80. Assuming motors 313 and 323 run synchronously, cam 320 will go through '12 in the time for one wiper of switch 32.5 to go 180. It is understood that motors 313 and 328 are geared down.

The scanning of apartment #l of house #l is now completed, but the recording of the result must be described and the stage must be set for shifting the activities for scanning of apartment #2 in the house #1. Referring again to the survey oice (Fig. 6), the motor 301 has by this time (i. e. at the instant that arm of switch 325 comes to rest) advanced cam 3112 so that its notch closes switch 303. This energizes printing solenoid 333 which eiects the printing of the proper character presented on the channel wheel indicator upon a recording tape. Its position on the tape is in alignment with a pre-printed code number on the tape which represents the apartment and apartment house which has just been scanned. Printing solenoid 333 is energized by current from the battery at the survey office through closed contacts of relay 355, switch 306, coil of solenoid 333, thence back to the battery (through ground).

Switch 306 is now opened and shortly thereafter switch 301 is closed by the respective cams 302 and 31M. Closing of switch 301 energizes relay 3311 through lines 3M from the battery at relay 355, thus closing the contacts A. B and C of relay 3311 and completing circuits which activate, respectively, the tape feed coil 335, the ribbon feed coil 333, and the channel indicator Wheel resetting coil 331. These three circuits may all derive their current from the battery.

It should be noted here that energizing of the three relays just mentioned, as well as all other stepping relays, merely prepares them` for performing their nal function; the actual function is performed by a spring when the relays are next de-energized.

Closing of switch 301 also closes a circuit through line 3111 to energize solenoid 339 of stepping switch 343 which, upon solenoid de-energizing, advances the wiper of switch 340 from point #1 to #2. The live line 341 also leads through the wiper of switch 342 to its contact point #l which in turn is connected to the wiper arms of both levels of bank 1 of switch 3A0. However, since the wiper of switch 340 is on an unconnected point on its lower level and on no point at all on its upper level, no action is instituted at this time.

The opening and closing of interrupter switch 361 (associated with solenoid 339) as caused by energizing and ie-energizing of solenoid 333, at this time, effects no change, as reset relay 353 is not energized.

Switch 301 is now opened by its cam 3011, and relay 334 and solenoid 339 are cle-energized, and the actions they control take place as follows: for relay 334, the tape is advanced one step, the ribbon is advanced one step, and the channel indicator wheel is reset to 0 by the de-energizing of reset coil 331; the arm wiper of lower level bank 1, switch 340 moves from point #i to point #2 and in doing so, closes contacts A and B of off-normal switch 3153 by means of an arm 362 attached to the shaft which carries the wiper arms of switch 340. Closing of switch 33D, at this time, effects no change, since reset relay 358 is not energized.

Immediately after switch 301 opens and before contact arm 335 shifts from its lower to its upper contact, the switch 321 in transmitter #l of apartment #l is opened by cam 320, and switch 32| in transmitter #2 of apartment #2 is closed. Motors 318 in transmitters 1 through 5 continue running, and switches 316 maintain their lower contacts closed, thus keeping relays 315 energized.

Briey, the system disclosed in Figs. 5 to 9 inclusive operates as follows. Motor 301 starts to run and rst operates on switch 3115 to start a group operation of all scanners in an apartment building. This may be considered as a sub-station. All motors 318 in one such subastation start simultaneously, and stop substantially simultaneously.

The phasing of cams 320 is such that each receiver station scan cycle is sequentially arranged with respect to other receiver scan cycles in the same apartment building (or other grouping). Thus a group cycle is initiated by switch 335, the individual receiver scan cycles sequentially following. The number of receivers in one group will be small enough so that motor 331 will remain in substantial synchronism with the various motors 318 in one group. As a rule, the group cycle will be short enough so that any departure from synchronism will be inconsequential.

The first cycle is now complete, and the stage set for scanning of apartment #2 in house #1.

As motor 301 continues to run, cams 332, and 304 will operate switches 305, 305, 331 in that order and repeat the cycle just described, thereby scanning the TV sets in apartments 2, 3, 4 and 5, and recording the results. It is now necessary to stop the motors 318 in all iive transmitters by de-energizing relays 315, and then disconnect apartment house #l in telephone central office #l by advancing the wiper of switch 313 from point #1 to point #2 which serves apartment house #2. Therefore, just after the wiper of switch 325, in apartment #5, comes to rest on its last contact (and also on its first contact at the other end of the wiper) the cam operated switches 313 in all ve apartments respectively shift from their lower to their upper contacts, thus de-energizing their respective relays 315 and stopping their respective motors 313. At. the same instant that switch 315 in transmitter #l acts to de-energize relay 315, the switch 321 closes thus putting it in normal starting position (home position) for a second. scan cycle, at some future time, of the group of iive transmitters in apartment house #1. The cams 321i in transmitters 2, 3, 4 and 5 also reach their home positions as the switches 316 in these transmitters act to stop motors 318, but, due

:21 tothe different phase positions 1ofy the; notchesejin these cams their'respective-switches 3.2i fare open. The ve transmttersare now allsin their home positions-asythey 'were before the .survey started, and are'thus-ready for; the start of another sur- Vey at some future time.

In the survey olice, at the Atime the survey for apartment #4 was completed and the switch 3M closed, an impulse to stepping solenoid. 33S had caused the wiper of the lower level, .bank IA of switch 340to come to rest on .point #5.

Immediately after the switches 3|6 Yhave shifted, as described above, the `switch 301. is Closed. This prepares. relay` 334and associated relays .3.35, 336 andv 331, and. solenoid 33e, (Fig. 6). to perform their previously described functions, and it also now` energizes relayA 344 vin telephone. centralv cnice. #l (Fig. '7) to eiect the moving of the-wiper of switch 3.|3 from point #1v to point #2 which leads to apartment house #2. Thecircuit is as .iollows: From survey ofce battery (Fig. 6) through contacts of relay 355, switch 3M, line 34|., wiper and contact #1 of Aswitch 3.4.2, wiper and point. #5, of ,lower level, bank I, of switch 340, line. 43181 to wiper and point #1 of control bank of switch 3| l, line 343 from just mentioned point #1 to coil of relay 344` in central oce# 1 (Fig, 7),.thence back to the battery (throughA ground). Energized relay 344 closes its contactsand .energizes solenoid 345, which, when, de-energized, will. step wiper of Vswitch 313. fromA point#1 topoint #2. The opening andclosing of. interruptor switch 35| when solenoid 345 is activated has no effect at this time becausereset relay 3.51 is not energized. Switch 331 (Fig. 6) now opens and the actions prepared for by relays 334, 339, in Fig. 6, and 344 andcoil 345 in Fig. '7, takeplace as said relays are de-energized. Y

The fifth cycle has now ended. ,Five apartmentsv have been surveyed and recorded. The stage isset to repeat the same events for the apartmenthouses Nos. 2 through 8 which are handled from central oflice #1. The .fifth apartment (and TV set) in house #8 is the 40th set scanned from the beginning .of the. operation, and asits scanning is completed, the wiperof upper level, bank l, switch 340 (Fig. isresting on point #40; and the wiperof switch 3| 3 (Fig. 7), in central oice #l is resting on its point #8. The switch 387, in the survey office, now closes, thus energizing relays. 334,339, as in. previous cycles, but it now also energizes stepping solenoid 346 (Fig. 6) o f switch 3H which, when switch t'lf opens, will shift the wpjers ofk each bank of switch 3H from the #l point to the #2 point. 'Lines 34? and v349 areV connected respectively Y-to the #2 point of upper and lowerbanks of switch 31|, and runto'central oilice #2. The action ofv interruptor switch 315| ofv switch .3H eiects nothing at this time. Arm 362 on the wiper shaft of switch 3| l releases normally closed contactsA-'and B Aof, switchl 350 to .close as the -wipermoves from pointlv to2, but nothing is effected at. this time, since `relay 35.8...isnot enersized. 'This Switch .closure is. .acccmp1isneogbv arm'tr'springing by contact `arm B', thus. `momentarily opening contacts A @RdB even wider, and then freeing the contact arm of .all restraint so that contacts A and B close. The wiper of switch 3|3 (Fig. 7) remains on point 8 (relays 344 and 345 were .notenergized this cycle) but Will." be .'.SSBDDB-d. fflQm. at.. .of operation., The opening. .or switchen? (Fia. 5l... new. takes place, and the various. delayed.v .actionsensueE as l vnoie! tttilfig. '6) opens.

.to ener-.1.1 and; A; to

the relays33f4, 339.=and1345 activated by Vthe :switclLare Jde-energized. r.Bhe thfcycle is thus completed and Athe survey oioe is connected through lines 34T, 349, to central oii'ice #2 which isprepared to take care of 40 more TV setscontainedin .apartment houses #9 through 16.

Due to the fact that the two levels of bank l of switch 34'@ only have sufficient contact points to survey, or scan, TV sets, `it is necessary, at the end of the scanning cycle of the 50th set, to disconnect Vthe wipers of .bank from vline 34| and connect the wipers of .bank 2 to this line. isis done by. moving the wiper of switch 342 to its point #.2 :by means of stepping solenoid 353 of switch 342 which receives its lactivating current 4through switch 3.81, line 34|, point '#50A, bank 4l, of switch 34d and line 35i. Note that two contacts, 50. and 513A, are provided at the same spot on level 2, bank of switch 345i; point #50 connects to line 430 and 349 to step the switch 363m central `oce #2 from point 10 to point 11. vand pointOA connects to line 35|.

As switch Si'lopens, wipers of switch 340, bank l, return to home position but are out of al1 circuits, wipers ofbank 2 move to home position with the lower wiper on the First point (which represents the 51stV TV set), and wiper of switch 342 moves to point' #2 which is connected to wipers of bank i2 of switch 340. When the wiper of upper level, bank .2, of switch 3453 reaches its 'fth .contact (which represents the th TV set) it is necessary to shift circuits from central ofice #2, which4 cared `for apartment houses #9 through #16, to central oice #3, which care-s for houses :#17 through 20. This is not the full capacity of central oilice #3, and to use said capacity it wouldonly be necessary to add more levels to switch 34d.

The shifting of circuits :from central office #2 to #3 is the same as previously described for the change from #l to #2 and involves moving the wipers of switch 31| from points v2to points 3 by activation of solenoid 3416 through line 345. The scanning of. each apartment in the houses 17 through 20'now follows in order until the last, or th, scanning is completed. This means thatthe last Vrive Ymotors Sii! have stopped, the relays 3|5 cle-energized and the Wiper of upper level, bank '2, of switch 4|) is resting on its last contact #100.

Thenext Yevent records the scanning result oi' the 100th TV set, and then resets all switches and circuits to. their original or normal positions so that a completely new survey may be just scanned. Switch i'l is closed by the still-runningvmotor 36|, causing the following actions: Relay 334 is energized and its contacts, A, B and C energize coils 335,336 and 337, thus preparing for the movingof the tape vfrom code #100 to #1; movingof ribbon; resetting channel indicator wheel to zero. Solenoid 339 is energized to prepare for moving all wipers of switch from their last, or 100th position, to the rst Contact of home position. Interrupt-er switch 36| of sole- Rellay 35.8 `is .energized (ground throughl the winding of relay 388, a line to Contact #100 of switch ttt, the wiper to contact-#2 of' switch 342, its Wiper to line 34|. through contacts 33'! to the movable contact oi relay 355 and thence to the positive side of a batteryicausing contacts C and B of relayate close. 1.This `.stops motor'tt -ieavlne switchrii: inciosed position); `ener- 356 to become a live line. The current thus delivered to line 356 energizes the three reset relays 358,- reset relay 359 (Fig. 6) and the reset 351 (Fig. '1) (in each of the three central offices), thus closing their contacts A and B. It should be borne in mind that at this stage in the operation, all seven of the normally open switches 360 are in their on position.

The energizing of relay 355 (Fig. 6) as above noted, breaks the circuit through switch 331, and hence de-energizes relay 334, which, in turn, deenergizes the indicator wheel reset coil 331, thus resetting the wheel to zero; de-energizes the ribbon feed coil 336, thus moving the ribbon one step; de-energizes the tape feed coil 335, thus advancing tape from code #100 to #l and opening its normally open switch 360 (by an arm 332 on tape advance shaft) which de-energizes reset relay 359. Interrupter switch 36| closes but affects nothing because relay 359 was de-energized. The breaking of the circuit through switch 33? also de-energizes solenoid 339 of switch 333, thus permitting the switch wipers to advance to home position; closes interrupter switch 3M; opens the normally open switch 330 which de-energizes relay 358. Further stepping of wipers of switch 340 is thus stopped.

The breaking of the circuit through switch 337 also breaks the original circuit which energized relay 308, but neither it nor relay 355 are deenergized because a holding circuit is provided through the live line 353 which now gets current from any one of the seven normally open switches 360 and their associated relays 356, 359 or 351 which may yet remain closed and energized.

It now remains only to step the wipers of switches 342 and 3H (Fig. 6) in the survey cnice, and the wipers of switches 3l3 (Fig. 7), in the three central oflices to their home positions. rihis is accomplished in each case by the repeated energizing and de-energizing of the switches stepping coils 353, 345 or 345, as their circuit is repeatedly opened and closed through their interrupter switches 36|, from current source through closed contact B of relays 353 or 331 which is held energized from the same current source passing through still-closed contact A of switch 360 and closed contact A of relays 353 Or T.

As each wiper of the various stepping switches 342, 3H or 3|3 reaches home the arm 332 on the wiper shaft causes its off-normal switch 330 to open. The associated relay 358 or 351 is thereby de-energized and further stepping of the switches is stopped.

When the stepping switch which was farthest from home position finally reaches it, the last of the off-normal switches 350 opens and deenergizes its associated relay. The heretofore live line 356 immediately becomes dead, and the relays 308 and 355 are de-energized. The relay 355, however, is a slow release relay so that its armature contact is not closed until Contact C oi relay 308 (which is now closed) has an opportunity to drive motor 361 sufficiently to open switch 301 after which, and before switch 3 5 shifts contacts, it closes. This point is the true end and start of the cycle of motor 33E and its cams.

An entirely new survey will now be taken of the 100 TV sets which were just nished being surveyed. If such second complete survey is to be delayed until some future time, a main switch in the A. C. line to motor 361 may be causing line 24 opened, either manually or electrically, at the time switch 331 opens as described just above.

The invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specic mechanisms shown and described but departures may be made therefrom within the scope of the accompanying claims without departing from the principles of the invention and without sacrificing its chief advantages.

What is claimed is:

l. In a system for surveying the condition and station setting of separate communication receivers of radiant energy, said system being energized by an integrated alternating current power system having a common frequency, the combination of a survey office containing means for indicating time, individual receiver identifying data and corresponding station setting, said survey oiiice having separate telephone lines connecting it with substations, selector switch means at the survey oice for selecting successive telephone lines for activating successive substations, each substation handling a compact group of receivers and including the following: a multipoint scan switch for a receiver, said scan switch having a movable contact cooperating with an array of fixed contact points, each fixed point corresponding to a possible receiver setting, means including substantially constant speed alternating current motor means initially inoperative for driving said movable contact through one complete scan cycle during which the movable contact sequentially sweeps the entire contact array and thus scans all possible receiver settings, means at the substation responsive to a pulse for initially energizing said contact driving means so that a scan cycle is initiated, pulsing circuits connecting said scan switch and its group telephone line, said circuits providing at said scan switch a pulse corresponding to each scan switch xed contact point in said array, mea-ns connected to the movable and fixed contact points and controlled by a receiver setting, and operative only when the receiver is operating; for disabling those pulsing circuits corresponding to all receiver settings sequentially following the selected receiver setting in the scan cycle; said survey office having a master cycle switch means including substantially constant speed alternating current motor means operating over a period somewhat longer than the scan period, means included in said master switch means and operative at the start of a master cycle for setting the receiver identifying indicating means to correspond to the receiver to be scanned, means included in said master cycle switch means for connecting the station identifying indicating' means to the active telephone line, means included in said master cycle switch means for pulsing the selected telephone line for initiating a scan cycle, said pulse occurring early enough in the master cycle so that a scan cycle may be included in the remainder of said master switch cycle, sequential means at the survey ofi-ice responsive to pulses from a substation to set the station identifying indicating means to a position determined by the number of scan pulses sent, means controlled by said master cycle switch means for indicating all the data at the end of a master cycle, and means at each substation for sequentially conditioning the individual scan means for the receivers so that successive scan cycles are executed by the respective scan means at a substation whereby all receivers in a substation group are scanned. 

